miércoles, 10 de septiembre de 2008

Las playas más infectadas de tiburones del mundo


El sólo mencionar la palabra "Tiburón" evoca la música e imágenes de la película de Spielberg y nos lleva a imaginarnos lo peor, de hecho los ataques de tiburones son uno de los peligros naturales mas temidos por el hombre. Pero la realidad es que sufrir un ataque de tiburón es algo muy poco probable. Cada año, abejas, avispas y serpientes son responsables por mas fatalidades humanas que los tiburones. En los Estados Unidos, el riesgo de morir a causa de un relámpago es treinta veces mas alto que el riesgo de ser atacado por un tiburón. De cualquier manera, si se quiere aventurar y tener una experiencia mas cercana y emocionante con estos fabulosos depredadores, aquí les dejamos la lista de las playas más infectadas de tiburones en los últimos años.

¿Dónde atacaron los tiburones en el 2007?

En los últimos años la mayoría de los ataques no provocados (61%: 43 ataques) sucedieron en aguas norteamericanas. Tradicionalmente, la mitad de los ataques mundiales ocurren en aguas de los Estados Unidos, incluyendo Hawaii. El total de los 50 ataques en aguas estadounidenses fué más alto que los declives observados en 2003-2006, (de 30 a 40), retornando a los niveles de 2000-2001 de 53 y 50 respectivamente. En otros lugares, ocurrieron ataques en Australia (13, más que los 7 ocurridos en 2006, pero similares a los de totales 13 y 10 de 2004 y 2005 respectivamente), Sud Africa (2), Nueva Caledonia (2), e incidentes únicos reportados en Fiji, Ecuador, Mexico y Nueva Zelandia.

En promedio, un tercio de los ataques mundiales y la mayoría de los ataques en EE.UU. se reportan en Florida. Siguiendo esa tendencia, Florida (32) tiene la mayoría de los ataques no provocados en los EE.UU. Desde que cayeran de 37 en 2000 a 12 ataques en el 2004 para la estadística mas baja en once años.

Ataques adicionales en los EE.UU. se reportaron en Hawaii (7, los mayores desde 2002), Carolina del Sur (5), California (3), Carolina del Norte (2) y Texas (1). El condado de Volusia normalmente es la fuente de cerca de la mitad de la actividad en la Florida y en 2007 hubo 17 mordidas, las mayores desde el 2002. Esta zona normalmente registra mayores números de interacciones humano-tiburones como resultado de la alta actividad recreacional acuática, el atractivo de sus aguas tanto para turistas como para residentes, especialmente surfistas atraídos por las olas de New Smyrna Beach. Otros condados de Florida que tuvieron ataques en 2007 fueron St. Lucie (4), Flagler (2), Sarasota (2), y Brevard, Broward, Collier, Martin, Indian River, Monroe, y Palm Beach (uno cada uno). La Costa Este de Florida históricamente ha registrado más ataques que la costa del Golfo de México debido al mayor número de bañistas, particularmente surfistas, utilizando sus playas oceánicas.

Fuente: International Shark Attack File (ISAF)

Smyrna Beach, Condado Volusia, Florida: Tiburones Blacktip y spinner



¿Qué es lo que se obtiene cuando se mezclan un agradable clima sub-tropical con hermosas playas de arena blanca en un encantador pueblito de la costa central de la Florida que ofrece de todo, desde compras hasta recreación al aire libre, historia y atracciones nocturnas? Muchos turistas. Y que se obtiene cuando se mezclan turistas y tiburones, algunos de los cuales no siempre pueden diferenciar entre un humano y un pez?: “La capital mundial de los ataques de tiburones”. Un honor un tanto dudoso.

Kosi Bay, Sud Africa: Tiburones Zambezi


Localizada en KwaZulu Natal, bordeando Mozambique en una esquina dramáticamente hermosa y virgen del paraíso sud africano, Kosi Bay es un conjunto de cuatro lagos que eventualmente se conectan con las tibias aguas del Oceáno Indico a través de un estuario rico en flora y fauna. Los tiburones Zambezi (el nombre sudafricano del famosamente agresivo tiburón toro) son famosos por hacer incursiones adentro de lagos y ríos de agua dulce en busca de comida, sobre todo en las aguas ricas en peces de la Bahía Kosi.

“Shark Alley” (Pasaje tiburón), Gansbaai, Sud Africa


“Sharlk Alley” es un angosto canal entre dos pequeñas islas afuera de las costas de Gansbaai, una encantadora villa de pescadores y destino de vacacionistas al este de Ciudad del Cabo. Es tambien el hogar de la mas densa población de grandes tiburones blancos en el mundo - y si usted está dispuesto a sumergirse en una jaula junto con esta belleza incomprendida de las profundidades, este es el lugar para hacerlo.

Brisbane, Australia: Gigantes blancos, toros


Las costas autralianas están repletas de tiburones de todo tipo, pero si usted está viajando Down Under hay algo que debe saber. Mientras la mayoría de los ataques ocurren en la costa este (en areas de alta densidad poblacional), la mayoría de los ataques mortales ocurren en las aguas más frías del sur, hogar de más morsas y gigantes blancos (localmente conocidos como pointers). Un rápido reconocimiento de noticias relacionadas con tiburones a través de los años incluirá historias de ciudades como Adelaide, Sidney e incluso Perth en la costa oeste. Sin embargo, la sabiduría dice que ninguna playa es absolutamente segura.

Bolinas Beach, Norte de California: Gigantes Blancos


Este pequeño enclave, justo al norte de San Francisco en el condado occidental de Marin, es notorio por su forma bohemia de vivir y su deseo de mantener al resto del mundo afuera (aparentemente, los lugareños retiran los carteles que señalan la entrada a Rout One). Pero eso no mantiene a los tiburones alejados. Como sus vecinos de Stinson Beach y la costa de Point Reyes, Bolinas está localizado justo en la mitad del Triángulo Rojo, (un área marcada por la alta densidad de tiburones gigantes blancos). Así es que aparece en nuestra lista como uno de los lugares de tiburones más cool en los que pueda colocar sus pies.

Kahana, Maui Occidental, Hawai


De acuerdo al International Shark Attack File (ISAF), desde 1882 ha habido mas de 100 reportes de ataques no provocados en toda la cadena de las islas Hawaianas (en Maui ocurrieron la mayor parte de ellos, 34). Cuando comparamos esto contra el tamaño de la población (escasamente 1.2 millones) y los muchos millones de turistas anuales que la visitan, un total de 100 es felizmente bajo. Sin embargo, Hawai hospeda cerca de 40 especies diferentes de tiburones, incluyendo los ocasionalmente agresivos tiburones tigre, por lo tanto, los incidentes (incluyendo fatalidades) ocurren. A principios de mayo, este año, un nadador fue mordido en el pie por un tiburón tigre de 5.5 metros de largo a aproximadamente 4 metros adentro del mar en una playa al sur de Maui.



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